This review is an introduction to the world of stem cells and discusses their definition, origin, and classification, as well as applications of these cells in regenerative medicine. However, many of these limitations are being bypassed and this could lead to major advances in the management of disease. Despite the significant advances in stem cell biology, issues such as ethical controversies with embryonic stem cells, tumor formation, and rejection limit their utility. Disease-specific cell lines can also be propagated and used in drug development. In addition, stem cells have expanded our understanding of development as well as the pathogenesis of disease. Stem cells can be used in cellular therapy to replace damaged cells or to regenerate organs. Tissue-resident stem cells are oligopotent since they can form terminally differentiated cells of a specific tissue. Multipotent stem cells may differentiate into tissue derived from a single germ layer such as mesenchymal stem cells which form adipose tissue, bone, and cartilage. Pluripotent cells can differentiate into tissue from all 3 germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). Pluripotent cells are embryonic stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of the embryo and induced pluripotent cells are formed following reprogramming of somatic cells. There are several sources of stem cells with varying potencies. Stem cells are a population of undifferentiated cells characterized by the ability to extensively proliferate (self-renewal), usually arise from a single cell (clonal), and differentiate into different types of cells and tissue (potent).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |